Stimming is a self-stimulatory behavior common in autistic children. In this blog, we examine stimming in more detail: what causes it, how to manage it, and why children engage in these repetitive behaviors. 

What is Stimming, and Why Does My Autistic Child Stim?

What is stimming? 

Stimming, short for self-stimulatory behavior, refers to repetitive actions or movements. Every person stims in some way, whether hair twirling, drumming fingers, or more. Stimming behaviors aren’t always obvious to others, but they are more noticeable in autistic individuals. 

Although not restricted to autistic children, self-stim behaviors are one of the most obvious outward signs of autism and are part of the diagnostic criteria. Although stimming isn’t necessarily a bad thing, it can become out of control and cause problems for autistic children.  

This blog examines what causes stimming, the types of stimming in autism, managing stimming behaviors, and when you should intervene.  

What are the different types of stimming

 There are many different types of stimming in autism, and some children may be more inclined toward one form than another. According to WebMD, these are some of the most common types of stimming in autistic children: 

• Auditory stimming involves engaging with sounds, such as snapping fingers, repeatedly touching one’s ears, or listening to a specific sound on repeat. 
• Vocal stimming includes sounds created with one’s own voice or throat, such as repeated throat clearing, coughing, repeating a word, or humming. 
• Tactile stimming encompasses touch-based actions, such as rubbing or scratching the skin, opening and closing fists, tapping fingers on surfaces, or flapping hands and arms. 
• Visual stimming refers to behaviors that engage sight, like staring at lights for extended periods, frequent blinking, or eye-rolling. 
• Vestibular stimming involves balance or movement, such as pacing or spinning in place. 
• Olfactory stimming includes activities related to smell or taste, such as sniffing objects or people or chewing and licking items. 
• Full-body stimming involves movements that engage the whole body, like rocking back and forth or spinning around. 

Examples of stimming behaviors

In allistic individuals, stimming can look like: 

• Fingernail biting 
• Hair twirling 
• Knuckle biting 
• Finger drumming 
• Pencil tapping 
• Whistling 
• Foot tapping 

Some of the classic forms of autistic children include: 

• Staring at objects — especially anything with lights or movement 
• Rocking 
• Gazing off into space 
• Blinking repeatedly 
• Looking out of the corner of their eyes 
• Flipping lights on and off repeatedly 
• Random humming, shrieking, or making other vocal noises 
• Finger snapping, tapping, or putting their hands over their ears 
• Tapping on ears or objects 
• Covering and uncovering ears 
• Tasting or licking — including thumb-sucking, finger-sucking, or tasting something, one wouldn’t normally taste 
• Unusual or inappropriate smelling or sniffing 
• Repetitive blinking 
• Pacing 
• Pulling hair 
• Pacing or walking on toes 

What are repetitive behaviors? 

Scientists categorize repetitive behaviors into two groups. So-called “lower-order” repetitive behaviors include hand-flapping, fidgeting with objects, body rocking, and vocalizations such as grunting or repeating certain phrases. “Higher-order” repetitive behaviors include autism traits such as routines and rituals, insistence on sameness, and intense interests.  

Repetitive behaviors and stimming in toddlers are among the first signs of autism to emerge in young children. They are seen in people across the autism spectrum. They tend to be more pronounced in those with lower cognitive ability; however, repetitive behaviors have been recognized as part of autism since the condition was first described. 

Why do autistic kids stim?

The exact reason for stimming is not entirely known, but many professionals agree that it is a form of self-regulation. Autistic people frequently experience challenges with sensory processing. Based on their specific responses to sensory input, they may either be highly sensitive or show reduced sensitivity to factors like sounds, lights, textures, or smells. 

For instance, a child with a hypersensitive reaction to visual stimuli will experience sensory overload with flashing lights. However, a hyposensitive child may not react or even notice them.  

In these kinds of sensory experiences, stimming can: 

• Diminish overwhelming sensory input for those with heightened sensitivity. 
• Offer the required stimulation for individuals with lower sensitivity. 
• Assist in managing intense emotions (both positive and negative) that may be hard for an autistic individual to process. 
• Provide a means to cope with physical discomfort or pain. 

Stimming Triggers 

Certain situations and sensory input can trigger stimming in autistic children. Some of the most common stimming triggers include:  

• Anxiety and stress 
• Joy, happiness and excitement 
• Physical discomfort, such as tight shoes or itchy clothing 
• Frustration, anger, and unhappiness 
• Loud and crowded environments 
• Unfamiliar settings or people 
• Last-minute change in plans 

Should you be concerned or prevent your child from stimming?

Although it can be viewed as disruptive and socially unacceptable, an autistic stim is often very enjoyable for the individual and is a way to reduce stress. If the actions of stimming are deemed safe, they should not be stopped or reduced. There may be times when your child will function better if they are allowed to stim. However, in some instances, stimming can be deemed unsafe. 

Can Stimming be Harmful

In some cases, intense or constant repetitive behaviors prevent autistic children from engaging in important activities. Occasionally, they can result in self-harm or harm to others. 

Ask yourself the following questions to determine whether your child’s stimming is problematic: 

• Is it causing social isolation? 
• Is it disrupting your child’s schooling or ability to learn? 
• Does it impact other people in your family or your child’s learning environment? 
• Is it destructive or dangerous to your child or others? 

If you answer “yes” to any of these questions, then intervention may be necessary. However, you should aim to manage stimming and develop alternatives, rather than trying to control it or remove it altogether. You and your child may need support to stop or modify the behavior or reduce their reliance on it. 

How to manage stimming

At its core, stimming is a form of self-soothing and communication. It’s important to understand the reasons behind your child’s stimming before you implement management processes.  

If your child is engaging in disruptive or dangerous stimming, you can attempt to manage it by: 

• Try to eliminate or reduce the trigger. 
• Lower their stress and create a calming environment. 
• Stick to a routine. 
• Encourage better behavior and self-control. Positive reinforcement is always better than punishing behavior. 
• Teach an alternative behavior or modified behavior that meets the same needs. 
• Teach self-management tools. 
• Work with professionals like occupational therapists to learn new coping techniques. 
• Get professional assistance through ABA therapy. 

It can be difficult to find autism-friendly activities in the winter. We’ve put together a host of outdoor and indoor activities, such as nature walks and sensory boxes, to keep your children entertained during this winter season.

Winter Activities for Your Autistic Child

Autism-Friendly Outdoor Activities

Winter in the Midwest is often unpredictable, cold, and filled with snow. For parents, finding fun winter activities for kids can be challenging, and autism-friendly activities add an extra layer of consideration. While the snow can be a fun and welcome activity for children, other times, the bitter cold can prevent them from playing outside. So, how do we keep children and autistic children busy during the cold winter months? 

Outdoor Activities

When the temperature is a lovely 35 degrees (which is quite warm in this area during the winter months), and there is a fresh blanket of snow, here are just a few activities to try with your autistic child. 

• Build a snowman: This can be a wonderful activity that your child can do independently or with you as a family. Consider building a replica of a favorite character or naming your snowman. Always explain that a snowman is only temporary and will melt when it gets warmer. 
• Sledding: Get your child active by finding a park (be sure to find a safe space) where your child can enjoy a trip sledding down a hill. A favorite pastime of most, this is sure to be something your child will enjoy. Consider getting a sled big enough for two people so your child can sled with the assistance of an adult. 
• Frozen water balloons: Fill balloons with different colors of water (just add food coloring) to make a fun and beautiful display in your yard. Fill the balloons with water and place them outside. Within a few hours, you should have a beautiful display of frozen water. 
• Make snow angels: This can be one of the best sensory activities in the winter for autistic children. 
• Take a drive: Go take a look at all the Christmas decorations in your neighborhood. 
• Go for a nature walk: Being outside in the winter can be one of the most calming activities for autistic children. It provides them with an open space to run, play, and explore without the stimulation of indoor environments. If the temperatures are agreeable, bundle up and head outside to a nearby park or trail. 
• Paint the snow: A fun and creative alternative to playing in the snow is to paint it. Simply fill some squirt bottles with water and food coloring (make sure you use a lot), then turn the snow into your canvas. 

Indoor Activities

When the weather turns bitterly cold, or there are several inches of snow on the ground, you may find your child’s school closed, and you’re faced with a house full of children. Here are a few ideas to keep your autistic child (and all of your children) occupied when they are stuck inside: 

• Pajama day: Consider letting your child have a lazy day in pajamas. Make them their favorite breakfast and let them watch a favorite movie or TV show. 
• Mall visit: If the kids (and you) are itching to leave the house, visit the mall. Make a game of walking around the mall to get some steps in and energy out. If you can, let your child pick out a new toy or item once you have done a certain number of trips around the mall. 
• Movie day: You can do this at a local theater or at home. If you want to get out of the house, take advantage of discounted matinee prices and take the kids to see a favorite movie. Pop some popcorn at home and bring that jumbo-size purse to provide some affordable snacks at the theater. However, you must be aware of screen time and not let it take over the whole day. 
• Indoor snowball fight: You can buy fake snowballs or create them using crunched newspaper. 
• Make pretend snow: Bring the snow inside by combining 2 ½ cups of pure baking soda with ½ cup of conditioner in a bowl and mix together. Show your child how to make snowballs and build a snowman together inside. Show them how to play with this new texture and encourage them to tell you what they think as they touch and shape the pretend snow. This is a great sensory activity for your child with autism. 
• Build an indoor fort: Gather your sheets, blankets, cushions, and pillows for a magical afternoon at home. You can even create a “fort kit” box for that purpose. Prepare your child’s favorite snacks, read a few books, and even encourage a nap — everything is more fun in a fort. 
• Winter sensory bins: Bring the enchantment of winter indoors. One of the best indoor games for autistic kids is to create sensory bins filled with items like faux snow, pinecones, baubles, and whatever else you see fit. Encourage your child to dip their hands and describe what they discover. 

It can be difficult to find sensory activities or group skills games for autistic kids when school or their ABA therapy center is closed. Be sure to do your best to keep a routine and follow through on skills and activities they are working on at home. ABA is meant to be consistent and can only be successful if parents practice many of the same ABA skills their child works on at their ABA center at home. 

Finding sensory games for autistic children is a key aspect in helping them to learn a number of skills through having fun. In this blog, we talk about the benefits of sensory games and look at some specially designed toys and activities. 

Children’s Games and Special Education Activities for Autism

Developmental Games & Activities for Autistic Kids

Sensory activities involve toys, games, and activities that stimulate the senses. Sensory play is important for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), who often struggle to process sensory information. Autistic children are often over or under sensitive to certain sounds, lights, or textures. Sensory activities are important to help regulate the sensory system. Engaging autistic children in sensory activities is beneficial for the development of several skills, including: 

• Language skills: Using speech-language activities and engaging in pretend play helps develop a child’s language skills by increasing their vocabulary as they discuss their experiences. 
• Fine motor skills: Manipulating small objects aids in hand-eye coordination and helps strengthen the muscles in a child’s hands and wrists, which, in turn, helps develop their fine motor skills. 
• Gross motor skills: Encouraging kids to practice their running, jumping, and throwing skills through pretend sensory play is an excellent way to develop their gross motor skills by strengthening their large muscles through fun body movements. 
• Social skills: Engaging in pretend play with peers doesn’t just build little imaginations. It also teaches important skills like sharing and taking turns. 
• Self-control: Sensory play helps develop a child’s ability to respond appropriately to sensory stimulation, which helps enhance their self-control and self-regulation. 

Experiment with activities that stimulate all five senses: touch, smell, taste, sight, and hearing. You can do at-home activities such as finger painting, making your own slime and playdough, creating a sensory station, and more. However, there are toys and other activities designed with autistic children in mind. 

Sensory-Friendly Activities and Games for Autistic Preschoolers 

The list below offers several sensory-friendly toys and specific online games and activities specifically developed for autistic children. 

Discovery Toys: A Link to Learning for Children with Autism 

Discovery Toys collaborated with the famous Princeton Child Development Institute to develop an Autism Support Project. This project has created toys to develop independent play with limited instruction, toys that promote sustained engagement, toys that build skills for cooperative play, toys that create opportunities for children to talk about their play experience, toys with obvious completion criteria, and more. 

Fun and Function

Fun and Function was founded by a mom who is also an occupational therapist. Its goal is to address the lack of high-quality toys, games, and therapy products for special needs children. Funandfunction.com provides outstanding products to enable children with special needs to reach their fullest potential. 

Infantino 

Infantino has smartly designed products for happy parenting. Packed with smarts, full of fun, and ready for the daily adventures of parenting, they’ve created a line of products to help you, and your little ones grow together. They’ve all been thoughtfully designed and smartly styled, from top to toe, to make this whole parenting thing less of a job and more of a joy. 

Make Beliefs Comix 

MakeBeliefsComix.com is an online site where parents and children can create their own comic strips and practice writing, reading, and storytelling. Parents and teachers of autistic children use the site to communicate more effectively with their children by creating comic strips to teach and convey information to them. 

Me and My World™ Social Skills Board Games and Curriculum

This set of six unique themed puzzle cut game boards (Dragon, Pirate, Space Alien, Castle, Zoo Adventure, and Sea Life) from Joshua Center are interchangeable with any of the Me and My World Game Card Decks. The Me and My World Curriculum includes over 50 lessons aligned with the American School Standards for Students. Each lesson addresses a specific objective, includes several activities, and recommends children’s stories to use. 

Pick and Draw

Pick and Draw is a fun, unique drawing game that teaches you how to make creative cartoon faces. It is simple and easy to use, providing endless hours of fun and learning. In five minutes or less, you will know how to play. 

PlayAbility Toys

A world of special toys for special kids, PlayAbility Toys is a great source of fun, unique toys that are developmentally appropriate for all young children, particularly children with special needs. The company specifically designs and markets toys with sensory features incorporating auditory, tactile, visual, and motor stimulation. 

Special Needs Toys

Special Needs Toys are providers of carefully selected fun products designed to help you or those in your care enjoy life and achieve more. The site and catalog stimulate your child’s imagination and reinforce encouraged behaviors. There is a lot that can be achieved — while having fun. 

Stages Learning

A UCLA-trained ABA therapist founded Stages Learning Materials in 1997 when autism diagnosis first began to rise. The top-selling autism education product, the Language Builder Picture Cards, was created to meet the specific learning needs of autistic children. The Language Builder Series has become a staple worldwide in home and school programs. Today, Stages offers a full range of real photo products for autism education. Stages products are found in preschools, daycare centers, early childhood classrooms, autism programs, speech-language programs, and homes around the world. They are excellent autism speech therapy activities. 

Step2

The Step2 Company, headquartered in Streetsboro, Ohio, is the largest American manufacturer of preschool and toddler toys and the world’s largest rotational plastics molder. Their mission is to be the leading innovator of children’s products that build imaginations and enrich the family’s celebration of childhood. 

Topobo for Children With Autism and ASD

Topobo is the world’s first construction toy with kinetic memory (the ability to record and play back physical motion). Research studies with autistic children show that, compared to passive blocks, Topobo leads to far more cooperative and parallel play, increased observational behavior, and reduced solitary play patterns. 

ZAC Browser: Zone for Autistic Children

ZAC was the first web browser developed for autistic children. They provide one of the best environments on the Internet for your autistic child. 

Many autistic children have sleep problems. This can impact their daily lives, moods, and behavior. In this blog, we explore why autism can impact sleep and provide tips on how to help your child get a better night’s rest. 

Autism and Difficulty Sleeping: Sleep Tips For Autistic Children 

Many children struggle with sleep issues that prevent them from getting a good night’s rest. We explore how autism can impact a child’s sleep and provide tips to help you address them. 

Autism Spectrum Disorder Sleep Problems

Many autistic children struggle with sleep issues, which, in turn, negatively affect other aspects of their lives. We explore how autism may affect your child’s sleep, how common autism and sleep issues are, the consequences for the child, and what helps with these sleeping issues. 

How does autism affect children’s sleep?

There are several common sleep issues that autistic children may have to deal with. These include: 

• Struggling to fall asleep 
• Not going to bed at a consistent time 
• Not getting the right quality of sleep 
• Waking up frequently during the night 
• Waking up too early 

How common are sleep issues for autistic children? 

A study from 2018 titled “The Relationship between Sleep Problems, Neurobiological Alterations, Core Symptoms of Autism Spectrum Disorder, and Psychiatric Comorbidities” has found that anywhere between 50% and 80% of autistic children have sleep difficulties. The link between autism and trouble sleeping is incredibly high, and, as you may no doubt guess, it can compound the difficulties that autistic children already have to deal with.  

What are the consequences of sleep loss for children with autism?

We’ve already touched on how poor sleep can negatively impact your loved one’s life. But what are the consequences of sleep loss or poor sleep in autistic children?  

If your autistic child is not getting enough rest, they may end up experiencing increased levels of: 

• Aggression 
• Depression 
• Irritability 
• Hyperactivity 
• Poor learning and cognitive performance
• Increased behavioral problems  

They may also struggle with other behavioral issues and lower learning and cognitive performance.  

And yes, many of these problems are not unique to autistic children. These issues can impact the lives of autistic adults, as well as allistic children and adults, but there’s no doubt that these challenges make things worse for many children on the autism spectrum.  

Now that we understand how lack of autism and sleep problems can be connected and affect each other, here’s some advice on how you can help your children get the rest they need at night. 

Tips for helping children rest well

Your autistic child needs to get the right amount of rest to tackle life at their best. Here are nine tips to help them get the right amount and the right quality of sleep. 

1. Set an appropriate and regular bedtime 

Setting and sticking to an appropriate bedtime isn’t only good advice for a parent with autistic children but for everyone. Taking this advice and implementing it will ensure your child’s natural circadian rhythm (the body’s processes that operate on a roughly 24-hour cycle) isn’t disrupted, which makes it easier to get to sleep at night. It also has numerous other health benefits and will ensure the mind operates at its best. 

2. Have a bedtime routine in place

Having a set of activities that you, your child, or both of you partake in can help your autistic child fall asleep. You’ll need to assess and ensure that you implement activities that aren’t stimulating and will help calm your child. Reading them a soothing bedtime story or singing them a relaxing lullaby are some of the possible activities that you can use to help your child drift off to sleep.  

A visual or written list of things that your child needs to do may also be beneficial and can help them stick to their routine. 

3. Set up the right kind of sleep environment

Your child must have a space that’s dedicated to sleep. This doesn’t necessarily mean you must forbid all activities or toys in the bedroom. Rather, ensure these activities are kept to a certain part of the room and don’t take place in bed. If certain things help your child sleep, such as a stuffed animal, these objects can be kept in or near the child’s bed.  

It’s also important the bed itself is set up in such a way that it encourages your child to sleep. Remember, autistic children can be extremely sensitive to certain sounds and textures. Ensure any bedding you use doesn’t cause your child any irritation or discomfort, either due to how it feels against them or the sound it makes when rubbing up against a person or other parts of the bed. 

The rest of the environment should also be conducive to sleep. This means it should be quiet, moderately cool, and dark or dimly lit. 

4. Ensure they don’t eat or drink too late at night

Eating or drinking certain things late is not a good idea because it disrupts the body’s circadian rhythm. Think of it this way: the body is effectively getting ready to “shut down” for the night when, all of a sudden, food arrives. This tells the body that it isn’t time for sleep but time to process the food. Only once the body is done processing the food can it return to a state where it’s ready to sleep.  

Not only is it a bad idea to eat too close to bedtime, but certain foods and drinks can also worsen the situation. Things like caffeine-filled sodas or sugary sweets can be incredibly disruptive and should be avoided at all costs.  

If your child is thirsty, water is fine; if they are hungry, you can give them a small portion of certain healthy foods, such as nuts or fruits that aren’t too sweet. Ensure your autistic child eats at least three hours before bedtime. 

5. Get a good amount of sunshine during the day, particularly in the morning 

Sunlight is another key element that affects the body’s circadian rhythm. It’s important to start the day with a good dose of sunlight so that your body knows it’s the morning and adjusts your circadian rhythm accordingly. This realignment of the circadian rhythm will also help the body know when it’s time to go to sleep, making it easier for your autistic child to fall asleep at the same time every day. 

6. Manage nap times to ensure your child is tired enough to go to sleep at night

If your autistic child naps too much during the day, they may struggle to go to sleep at the same time every night. Keep naps to 20 minutes or shorter to ensure your child can keep to their regular sleep schedule. 

7. Physical activity could be key to helping your child get to bed at night

The study “Potential of Physical Activity-Based Intervention on Sleep in Children With and Without Autism Spectrum Disorder” has found that autistic children are likely to be less physically active than their allistic peers and that by ensuring children took part in exercise, parents could possibly increase the quality of their child’s sleep. While more research needs to be done to confirm the findings of this study, it is something you could try with your child to test and see if exercise helps your autistic child sleep better at night. 

8. Use sleep aids for autistic children 

If you’re wondering what is the best sleep aid for an autistic child, here are some of the devices that you may want to investigate further. 

• A weighted blanket: Studies show that weighted blankets can offer numerous benefits for autistic children, including helping them fall and stay asleep. 
• A white noise machine: A white noise machine can help your autistic child get a better night’s sleep by helping block any noises that might otherwise disturb them. 
• Blackout curtains: There are many sources of light, including unnatural ones, that can disrupt your autistic child’s sleep. Blackout curtains can help you maintain a consistent environment so that they can sleep well. Eye masks could also work if your child does not experience sensory discomfort while wearing them. 

9. Consider speaking to a specialist about medication

While many non-pharmaceutical interventions can help, you may find yourself still struggling to help your autistic child get to sleep. In these scenarios, speaking with an expert about pharmaceutical options, whether melatonin supplementation or another prescribed medication, is important. 

10. Keep a sleep diary

A sleep diary is useful for tracking your child’s sleeping patterns. You can establish any unusual sleep patterns and identify the factors influencing sleep. This allows you to track when you have put certain strategies in place and whether they are effective. A sleep diary is also useful for clinicians, doctors, and social workers to assess your child’s sleep quality better. 

Unlock your child’s potential with the Midwest’s leading autism therapy center 

At Lighthouse Autism Center, we offer a unique approach to autism therapy called Lighthouse Fusion®. This unique approach to autism treatment combines the best aspects of ABA and speech therapy to help your child perform at their best. Learn more about Lighthouse Fusion® ABA therapy and use our autism resources to discover how it can help your child improve their outcomes. 

A Guide for Parents of Children with Autism in Iowa

In Iowa, under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), children with autism are entitled to a Free Appropriate Public Education (FAPE) tailored to their needs. Key rights include receiving education in the Least Restrictive Environment (LRE) and having active parental involvement in the development of their Individualized Education Program (IEP).

Your Child’s Rights Under the IDEA

The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) is a federal law that requires public education agencies to provide eligible children with disabilities with a free appropriate education (FAPE).

Key Points:

• FAPE: . Your child has the right to a FAPE. This means special education and related services provided at public expense, under public supervision and direction, and without charge, that meet state education standards and are provided in accordance with an individualized education program (IEP).
• Least Restrictive Environment (LRE): this means that each public school district must, to the maximum extent appropriate, educate children with IEPs in the general education environment, unless the nature or severity of a child’s disability is such that education in regular classes with the use of supplementary aids and services cannot be achieved satisfactorily.
• Parental Rights: Parents have legal rights to receive notice and participate in decisions regarding the child’s education. They also have rights they may exercise to enforce their child’s right to receive a FAPE.

A Brief Overview of the Special Education Eligibility Process

Elopement is something often spoken about in the autism community. We look at what it is, how to prevent it, and what to do if your child tends to run out in the community or at home.

Elopement – What Is It?

We often hear the term elopement when talking about autistic children. Find out what it is, why autistic children elope, how to prevent it, and what to do should your child elope.  

What is elopement in autism?

Running away is a fairly well-known behavior in neurotypical children. It is often romanticized by a cute image of the little boy with his stick and wrapped lunch draped over his shoulder, moping along the railway tracks in an act of benign defiance.   

Unfortunately, the reality is much grimmer. Every year, we are confronted with stories of children escaping the relative safety of their homes and schools, and their pictures end up on the proverbial milk carton or worse.   

This scary and dangerous behavior is known as wandering and elopement. Though elopement isn’t uncommon for children in general, it is seen more often in autistic people and is often more of a safety concern.   

According to the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) and the National Autism Association (NAA), the statistics on how many autistic individuals display elopement behavior are alarming:  

• 49% of autistic children elope  

• 35% attempt elopement at least once a week  

• 33% of autistic elopers cannot communicate basic information like name, address, or phone number  

• 90% of elopement deaths are drowning-related  

• 42% of autistic elopements aged nine or younger end in death  

These numbers are enough to drive any parent of children with Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD) to despair, and the link between autism and elopement is alarming. That said, you are not completely without options to reduce your child’s risk of becoming one of these statistics.   

To mitigate the risk of losing your child or avoiding any harm, you must know the best elopement strategies for autism. You need to be clear on what eloping is, why ASD kids elope, watch for signs of elopement, take steps to prevent it, and, perhaps most importantly, know what to do if it does eventually happen.   

Why do autistic children elope?

The underlying reasons for both autistic and allistic (non-autistic) children to elope are fairly similar. Usually, a child is either trying to escape something they do not like or want or pursuing something desirable.   

According to a review of the assessment and treatment of elopement, Dr. Megan Boyle and Dr. Reesha Adamson of Missouri State University broke these two primary causes into four distinct reasons:  

1. To get away from a place, activity, or person (escape)  

2. To obtain access to an item, activity, or person  

3. To engage in an intrinsically pleasurable activity, such as running  

4. To gain attention  

While these may seem fairly universal to all children, some children with ASD, depending on age and developmental level, may lack the mental acuity, awareness, and intuition to avoid danger and discern a threatening situation from a safe one.   

This becomes even more dangerous when autistic children are non-verbal or non-responsive to unfamiliar stimuli, making it difficult for them to communicate with concerned passers-by or even potential predators.   

Prevention is better than cure

It is never guaranteed that you can prevent your child from eloping. However, there are a number of strategies that you can implement to reduce the risk of elopement in autistic individuals with low support needs or excellent social skills. Having an elopement prevention plan is key. 

Be vigilant

In most cases, caregivers or parents miss nuanced tell-tale signs that a child is about to elope. Keep an eye out for the following, especially if there is a history of elopement:  

• Persistent glances at the door or exit.  

• Signs of sensory overload or overstimulation.  

• Fixation on objects, activities, or people outside or away from the safe environment.  

• Plays for attention.  

Communicate

There is a high risk of elopement in the autism community, and if you are aware that your child is an elopement risk, it is crucial to inform all caregivers and provide them with a list of elopement signs and signals to watch out for. In some cases, a child with ASD may display consistently calm and complacent pliant behavior, leaving caregivers with a false sense of security. Let them know that regardless of your child’s compliance, there is a high risk of elopement. You might also consider a list of the places or things they tend to elope to, just in case. 

Functional Communication Training 

Functional Communication Training (FCT) is a process in which autistic children are given alternatives to problematic behavior like elopement to get what they need.  For instance, if they previously eloped to get attention, use FCT or communication tools to ensure they receive the right kind of attention in similar situations from their preferred person, possibly using visual aids as needed.   

In the case of escape, do not reprimand or punish the child for eloping; rather, assess what about the situation triggered the elopement and change the situation accordingly. Where the child simply enjoys a particular item or activity and elopes to engage with it (like running or trying to access a particular toy), consider introducing scheduled events so the child can anticipate it without indulging the impulse to elope to fulfill the desire.   

How to prepare for elopement

As mentioned earlier, elopement can be almost completely unavoidable despite your best efforts to prevent it. Thankfully, the CDC has created a list of tips to help you prevent elopement and aid in a prompt recovery should your child elope:    

• Never leave your child unsupervised.   

• Install specialized locks and alarms on doors.  

• Attach GPS tracking devices that trigger an alert if your child wanders from a specific location and track their whereabouts.  

• Inform neighbors, caregivers, family, etc., of your child’s propensity to elope.  

• Sew all basic information into your child’s clothing, such as their name, address, and phone number.  

• Increase vigilance when your child is exposed to a change in environment.  

• Help your child familiarize themselves with your environment so they know of safe places and trustworthy adults in the area in case they get lost.  

• Set up an emergency response plan.  

• Walk your child through their portion of the emergency plan so that they know what steps to take in case they are separated from you for any reason.  

• Teach your child safety commands such as “stop.”  

• Teach your child to swim.  

• Teach your child how to cross a street.  

• Meet with any healthcare providers who understand your child’s unique situation and ask for their expert advice.  

• Keep a current photo of your child at all times.  

• Immediately call first responders. 

Let Lighthouse Autism Center help you and your child

As the Midwest’s leading autism therapy institution, Lighthouse Autism Center provides world-leading autism resources alongside our groundbreaking  Lighthouse Fusion ABA Therapy program, which fuses the best of ABA and speech therapy into a unique clinical model to help you and your child navigate the world.  

Our in-depth infographic explains the importance of early detection and diagnosis in autistic children. We also identify some of the early signs to look out for.

INFOGRAPHIC: Why is Early Detection and Diagnosis So Important? 

What is Autism?

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a developmental disability that can cause significant social, communication, and behavioral challenges. About 1 in 36 children has been identified with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), according to estimates from CDC’s Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring (ADDM) Network. People with ASD have abilities that vary significantly. Autism affects each person differently, making it truly a spectrum disorder. People with autism may behave, communicate, interact, and learn in ways that are different from most other people. Some people with ASD need a lot of assistance, whereas others live very independently with little to no support.  

Autistic individuals typically do not have any identifiable defining physical features that set them apart from other people, and the characteristics of autism often become more obvious when judging against behavioral milestones. Some children show symptoms of autism within the first 12 months. In others, symptoms may not show up until 24 months of age or later. Some autistic children gain new skills and meet developmental milestones until around 18 to 24 months of age, and then they stop gaining new skills or lose the skills they once had. 

Signs and Symptoms

People on the autism spectrum often struggle with social interactions and communication, as well as repetitive and restrictive behaviors. It’s important to recognize the signs of early autism to get a diagnosis as soon as possible. 

Some of the most common early signs of autism in babies typically include:  

• No social smiles or other joyful expressions for caretakers or parents, 

• Limited or no eye contact, 

• No sharing of vocal sounds, smiles, or other nonverbal communication, 

• No babbling, and 

• No response to being called by their name.  

The early signs of autism in toddlers typically include: 

• No use of gestures to communicate, such as pointing, reaching, or waving, 

• No words or verbal communication, 

• Loss of any previously acquired speech, verbal communication, or social skills, and 

• Loss or pause of obvious physical development milestones like eye contact and smiling. 

Learn more about the early signs and symptoms of Autism Spectrum Disorder. 

Learn more about important milestones that your child should reach. 

Evaluating your Child

Are you seeing the signs of autism in your child but don’t have an evaluation yet? Early detection and diagnosis are crucial to improved outcomes and increased success and independence in the long run. View our list of early signs and symptoms of autism in babies, toddlers, and young children. Then, connect with Lighthouse’s network of professionals who have the expertise to fully evaluate your child with a comprehensive autism evaluation. 

Find Out more 

Early intervention is vital to the success of autism therapy. We examine why early intervention is so important and how it helps autistic children. 

Early Autism Intervention: Why is Early Intervention Important?

It’s vital to be able to assist a child with autism as early as possible. We take a look at the benefits of early intervention, the signs of autism, and how we can help evaluate your child. 

Infographic: Early Intervention and Autism Treatment

Recognizing the signs and symptoms of autism in early childhood can help improve a child’s chances of success in the future. Here’s a quick look at why early intervention is so important and the positive results of identifying the early autism signs in children: 

What are the early signs of autism?

As a parent, you may be wondering what are some of the autism signs and symptoms you should watch out for. Key developmental milestones can help you identify whether your child has autism or not. You can also keep an eye out for certain early signs of autism, such as social, behavioral, or emotional practices, which may indicate that your child is autistic. 

How early should you try to assist a child diagnosed as autistic?

Depending on the child, early intervention programs can begin as early as 18 months of age. 

What is early intervention in autism and how can it help?

Early intervention for autism means providing treatment and therapeutic services to autistic children starting from 18 months or as soon as an older child is diagnosed. There are many advantages to early intervention. Some of the specific benefits an autistic child can attain include improvements in: 

• IQ, reflected in performance on IQ tests 

• Language abilities, including listening and understanding 

• Coping skills, including emotional regulation 

• Physical development, such as enhanced balance and coordination 

• Social interactions, both with a child’s peers and parents 

• Nonverbal autism, where there’s a lack of or limited use of verbal communication 

Evaluating your Child

Are you seeing the signs of autism in your child but don’t have an evaluation yet? Early intervention is crucial to improved outcomes and increased success and independence in the long run. You can view our list of early signs and symptoms of autism in babies, toddlers, and young children. Then, you can connect with Lighthouse’s network of professionals who understand how to identify autistic children and who can let you know more about how early autism can be diagnosed. 

We take a look at some of the best fall activities in Michiana, for autistic children that the whole family can enjoy. 

Autism-Friendly Fall Activities in Michiana

Best Fall Activities to Do in Michiana with an Autistic Child 

It is finally starting to feel like fall, and we couldn’t be more excited. We love the colors of the changing leaves, the crisp air, ciders and donuts and, of course, the pumpkin patches and apple orchards. From u-pick pumpkin patches to hayrides, corn mazes, and the best apple cider, we have compiled a list of the best fun fall activities to do in Michiana with your autistic child. 

Choosing Autism-Friendly Activities

The Michiana area is known for it’s beautiful  fall colors and scenery, and the subsequent activities for families, but there are extra considerations for families with an autistic child. When choosing fun fall activities, be sure to consider the sensory load of your child, how well they handle crowds, and whether they want as little stimulation as possible or if they thrive amongst it. Prepare your child for the experience in advance and choose places you can easily leave if your child decides they are uncomfortable there. 

Fall Activities for Kids in Michiana

• These are some of the fall activities suggested in or around Downtown South Bend:  
• Thistleberry Farm – This fall activity in South Bend, IN offers a pumpkin patch, bounce houses, a corn maze, and a petting zoo. Children of all ages and skill sets can find something fun to do at Thistleberry Farms. 
• Knollbrook Farms – Located in Goshen, IN, Knollbrook Farms has a corn maze, giant slide, petting zoo, train rides, pumpkin slingshot, and more! This is a real working dairy farm that you can tour as well. 
• Kercher’s Sunrise Orchard—Also located in Goshen, Kercher’s offers activities for apple and pumpkin pickers. Visit the farm for apple and pumpkin picking, hayrides, a corn maze, and more. The farm is open for various U-picks all year round. 
• Ashley’s Pumpkin Farm – Located on the north side of South Bend near the Michigan line, this small pumpkin patch offers affordable pumpkins, a corn maze, and a petting zoo. 
• A-Mazing Acres – Located in Southern Michigan with 90+ A-Mazing acres, you’ll find a corn maze, pumpkin patch, and close to 100 attractions. The farm opens each year in the Fall for a traditional harvest season… and more. It’s a real working farm located just 8 miles east of Edwardsburg in Cass County. Family entertainment at its best. 
• Lehman’s Apple Orchard – Located in Niles, Michigan, this u-pick orchard has offered apple picking for nearly a hundred years! In the Fall, they offer apple, pear, and blackberry picking. 
• Potawatomi Zoo – Each year, the Potawatomi Zoo hosts Zoo Boo, a three-day event where children can see their favorite animals and trick or treat around the zoo. For this year’s dates, visit their website. 
• Fall Foliage Tour – One of the best things about fall has to be the change of colors. Bright oranges and reds dot the landscape as trees prepare to shed their leaves before winter. And there are plenty of places to snap photos. Notre Dame’s campus, Potato Creek State Park, St. Patrick’s Park, and Spicer Lake Nature Preserve are favorites in our Guide to Fall Foliage. 
• Find a Fall Hike – Name a more satisfying sound than the crunch of leaves under your hiking boots. We’ll wait. In the meantime, there are plenty of great hiking options from which to choose around here. Potato Creek State Park is an outdoor playground. St. Patrick’s County Park and Bendix Woods are among the most popular.  
• South Bend Farmers Market – Fall isn’t called harvest time for nothing. Stroll the aisles at the South Bend Farmers Market and see for yourself. Local farmers bring all sorts of produce, specific to the season, to the market — fresh apples, sweet corn, pumpkins, gourds, and more. Don’t forget the handmade crafts, delicious sweets, and local coffee. Odds are you’ll smell it before you see it. 
• Spooky Season Scares – Halloween isn’t complete without a scare or two. Fear Itself at Legend Park in Mishawaka is one of the largest scream parks in the country. With five terrifying attractions, you will jump right out of your shoes. Many locals consider the Niles Scream Park a must-visit for some frightful entertainment. It’s spread across 44 acres with multiple attractions, including a “Hooded” experience not for the faint of heart. 

We look at some of the activities in Indianapolis, Indiana that might be suitable for children, depending on their sensitivities.  

Fun Activities for Children in Indianapolis, Indiana

Finding child-friendly activities can sometimes be a struggle, especially for a child on the autism spectrum. Below is a list of activities for children in Indianapolis, Indiana, that you and your child can enjoy. 

Please use your discretion as to which activities you believe your autistic child can tolerate. Every child on the autism spectrum is truly different, and some of the activities below may be too overstimulating, while other activities may help if your child is sensory seeking. Work within the context of your child’s skills and interests when determining a fun and safe activity. 

New activities, especially in public, can provide a variety of benefits. Although many challenges may come with going out and trying new activities, these situations can be great opportunities to work on skills and social interactions. These activities can provide opportunities for autistic children to practice social and communication skills, fine and gross motor skills, motivation, confidence, independence, learning new skills, as well as more general skills that can be applied to other settings, such as school. While working on new skills is important, doing activities that bring enjoyment is also important.  

Kid-Friendly Things to Do in Indianapolis

Conner Prairie

The second Sunday of every month from 10 am-12 pm is a sensory-friendly time at Conner Prairie, specifically for families and individuals with sensory differences. Enjoy a calm environment at Conner Prairie and explore at your own pace. Anything that makes loud noises or has bright lights (e.g., the Dry Goods Store in CWJ) will be shut off unless specifically asked to be turned on. Access to the quiet space areas in the buildings and across the grounds will be highlighted for easy access. 

The Children’s Museum of Indianapolis

The Children’s Museum of Indianapolis is the world’s largest children’s museum. It is located at 3000 North Meridian Street, Indianapolis, Indiana, in the United Northwest Area neighborhood. It’s the perfect place for practicing talking to friends and responding to social cues.  

Indianapolis Zoo

The Indianapolis Zoo is a 64-acre non-profit zoo, public aquarium, and botanical garden in Indianapolis, Indiana. Incorporated in 1944, the Indianapolis Zoological Society established the first zoo at George Washington Park in 1964. 

Smiley Indoor Playground and Arcades

An indoor playground in Indianapolis designed for children 10 and under. The arcade area is for all ages. Smiley offers an indoor playground, arcades, and a large selection of food and nonalcoholic beverages. It’s also the top birthday party venue in the state. 

Greatimes Family Fun Park

Greatimes is a five-acre complex in Indianapolis with several outdoor attractions and a 22,000 sq. ft. indoor facility that includes a multi-level arcade room, several party rooms, and an indoor playland. They have activities for your whole family or group and are the #1 place in Indianapolis for birthday parties. They offer a variety of party packages and themes that allow you to customize your party to your wants and needs. 

Rhythm! Discovery Center

Rhythm! Discovery Center is the world’s only interactive drum and percussion museum. Founded in 2009, it is a creative vision of the Percussive Arts Society, the largest member-based international percussion organization in the world. Rhythm! features unique, interactive exhibits highlighting a rich collection of historic artifacts and hands-on percussion instruments and serves as the definitive place where the history of percussion is preserved, celebrated, and shared. 

The Children’s Maze

Large limestone blocks in a series of concentric circles create an interesting and green space in White River State Park that’s perfect for a picnic or a unique location for a photoshoot. White River State Park, located in downtown Indianapolis, boasts world-class attractions and destinations that offer distinctive experiences for every visitor. Green spaces, trails, trees, and waterways co-mingle alongside cultural, educational, and recreational attractions across 250 beautiful acres. 

Zip City Indy

Zip City Indianapolis has a ton of attractions for a day filled with family fun. From their indoor zip line park to their indoor trampoline park with trampoline dodgeball, it’s a place where you can be active and social while challenging yourself and others. You’ll find a ropes course, climbing walls, and laser tag in their over 70,000-square-foot facility, offering a mix of fun and challenging attractions guaranteed to get you moving all year round. These are fun, active games for autistic children who can manage a higher sensory load. 

Indianapolis Motor Speedway Museum

If your child is interested in cars, the Indianapolis Motor Speedway Museum will be a hit. It was built in 1956 on the grounds of the Indianapolis Motor Speedway in Speedway, Indiana, to celebrate and preserve the automotive history of the Motor Speedway and the Indianapolis 500. Over 300 vehicles and over 55,000 related artifacts are on display, making the museum one of the best collections in the world. 

K1 Speed

K1 Speed is a chain of indoor racing centers with electric go-karting for all skill levels. This Indianapolis track features one of the longest straights that opens to superb overtaking opportunities, with plenty of twists and turns to challenge the most seasoned go-karting driver. Their two meeting rooms provide a perfect environment for parties, while the arcade games and air hockey table keep you entertained between racing sessions. The Paddock Lounge restaurant serves delicious food and beverages for all ages to keep you fueled. 

Indiana State Museum

The Indiana State Museum is located in downtown Indianapolis, Indiana. It houses exhibits on the science, art, culture, and history of Indiana from prehistoric times to the present day. Mastodons and a Foucault pendulum are on display, and the frequent rotation of artifacts and ever-changing special exhibits means returning guests will have new experiences at each visit.  

Adrenaline Family Adventure Park

Adrenaline is a 50,000 sq. ft. indoor adventure park in the Fisher area with a wide selection of activities suitable for the whole family. Toddlers will enjoy the soft play area; the arcade offers over 40 of the latest games, and the trampolines and basketball courts will get the blood pumping. There are zip lines, rope courses, climbing walls, and ninja warriors courses to conquer. You’ll leave tired but happy. 

Sky Zone Trampoline Park

Sky Zone Indianapolis is Indiana’s most extreme trampoline park. Explore the wall tramp, high-end air track, ninja course, stunt fall, trapeze, and aerial skills equipment. You can buy day passes, but if you’d like to return regularly, a monthly membership allows you daily access for almost the same price as a day pass. With so much to do and so much fun to be had by all family members, Sky Zone is the perfect outing. 

Holiday Park

One of Indianapolis’ oldest parks, Holliday Park, is located just six miles north of downtown and encompasses 94 acres of beautiful green space. Visitors can explore the nature center, play on one of the city’s best playgrounds, hike more than 3.5 miles of picturesque trails, or stroll around the one-of-a-kind Holliday Park Ruins. 

Holliday Park provides a getaway for nature lovers without having to leave the city. The wooded ravines contain natural springs and wetlands, a pond, a long stretch of the White River, a beech-maple forest, and over 400 species of trees, shrubs, and wildflowers. Bird watchers have spotted more than 200 species while hiking the trails that wind through the forest. In addition, deer, foxes, beaver, rabbits, squirrels, and many other native animals reside in or pass through the park grounds. 

Climb Time Indy

Over 8,500 sq. ft. of climbing space, plus kids’ programs, private lessons, a pro shop, and more. Since 1997, Climb Time Indy has been dedicated to providing the best that rock climbing has to offer. It is a safe environment where climbers of all ability levels and ages can get better, learn more, and above all else, have fun climbing. Climb Time offers a wide range of difficulty levels, from very easy to moderate to extremely difficult, brought to you by some of the best route setters this side of the Mississippi. Routes are changed weekly to ensure there is always a new challenge. Whether you are looking for powerful bouldering, sustained routes, or just a day out with the family, Climb Time Indy has what you are looking for. 

The Park at Traders Point Northwest

As an extension of Traders Point Christian Church, The Park is designed to serve parents and caregivers while their kids play on indoor playground equipment. There is even a designated area for young kids to play and a sensory room to enjoy. The Park is an inclusive, safe, and engaging environment for all. It is structured for open play, so parents can enjoy the tables to get a little work done, read, or converse with others while the kids enjoy some play time. As an affiliate of Traders Point, The Park is available free of charge. When planning your visit, please bring your government-issued ID and socks for the kids. 

Kid’s Planet

Kid’s Planet is a quality family recreation center with a multi-level playground filled with jungle gyms, ball pits, arcade games, trampolines, slides, and tunnels. There is also a dedicated area for toddlers where they can play safely. If the older kids want to venture past the first floor, parents and caregivers can watch from designated adult zones—they are not allowed in the play area. Staff members readily assist children who lose their way or need a boost.  

Westermeier Commons Playground & Splashpad

The playground at Westermeier Commons has a futuristic design and offers children more than 25,000 sq. ft. of inclusive play space. Children using wheelchairs have access to lower-level amenities as well as upper-level features with the use of ramps. The playground also offers three cave-like areas to provide respite for children who need quieter spaces during play. Adjacent to the playground is a splash pad (open Memorial Day-September 30), which was designed to match the nature that surrounds it. 

The Waterpark

This amusement area offers heated pools with slides, simulated surfing, play areas, cabanas, and snacks. Surf the waves on the FlowRider®️, scale the wall of the AquaClimb®️, grab a treat from the snack bar, and enjoy your own private cabana in style. With features for every age and ability—from a kiddie pool to the lazy river to adventure slides—everything you need for a 5-star family-friendly day is right here! 

Cool Creek Park Nature Center

Park-based natural science center offers seasonal exhibits on habitat preservation and local wildlife. Cool Creek Park is one of Hamilton County’s most popular parks, with various features and activities. All family members are sure to enjoy this beautiful 90-acre park year-round. The park includes 4 miles of wooded trails, perfect for hiking, jogging, and bird watching. The scenic paved roads winding through the park are ideal for those who cycle and rollerblade. Looking for even more activities? Check out the playgrounds, soccer fields, and basketball court. For something slower-paced, spend time on the nature trails, wetlands, prairies, and benches along the trails. 

Hoosier Heights Indianapolis

Give wall climbing walls and bouldering a go at Hoosier Heights. And if any family member prefers not to climb, yoga classes, cardio equipment, and a weight room are also available.  

Tips for Celebrating Halloween with a Child on the Autism Spectrum

We look at tips on how parents and caregivers can safely celebrate Halloween with an autistic child. From costumes to candy, here’s what to do. 

Halloween is an exciting time for children all over the country, but the excitement can also be overstimulating for some autistic children. It’s important to have alternatives to trick-or-treating with your child in case it is too overstimulating for them. Here are some Halloween safety tips and suggestions for celebrating with your child. 

1. Choose the Right Costume

Selecting Halloween costumes for an autistic child can be tricky if it’s not done with the utmost consideration. Let your child pick out a costume that works for them. If they love soft things, try a fuzzy costume onesie; if they love dinosaurs, let them be a T-Rex. Whatever gets your child excited, channel that into a costume! Let your child practice wearing the costume at home to allow them to get used to it. 

Helpful Resource: For more insights into sensory-friendly costumes, check out the Autism Society’s guide to Halloween costumes.

2. Prepare for What to Expect

Make sure your child knows what to expect. Talk about trick-or-treating and exactly what your child should expect. Tell them several times in advance. Consider creating a visual schedule or countdown to the big day. Create a visual to show or read books about trick-or-treating to familiarise them with the process. If your child is overwhelmed with change, gradually introduce activities and Halloween decorations. 

Useful Tool: Visual schedules can be an effective way to communicate upcoming events. For more on creating visual supports, visit Autism Speaks.

3. Practice the Routine

One of the best safety tips for Halloween with a child on the spectrum is simply having a couple of practice rounds. Help your child practice for the big day by wearing their costume and going through the day’s routine. Enlist the help of a neighbor or friend and have your child practice trick-or-treating in a familiar environment. Use role play to practice receiving and giving treats. 

Expert Tip: Find role-playing strategies and more tips from the Autism Parenting Magazine.

4. Explore Trick-or-Treat Alternatives

If your child does not enjoy trick-or-treating, or if you are choosing to stay home for personal reasons, consider other alternatives. Take them to other Halloween-related activities in the community or consider a “not-so-scary” night in with their favorite movie and treat. 

Event Ideas: Check local community boards or websites like Eventbrite for family-friendly Halloween activities.

5. Focus on Enjoyment

There is no one-size-fits-all when it comes to Halloween activities for an autistic child. It looks different for every child on the autism spectrum, and you know your child best. Use your best judgment, and if you only stop at a few houses, that’s still a big win! Keep trick-or-treating short if needed. Consider letting siblings (who might want to stay out longer) go trick-or-treating with a family member or friend. Whatever you choose and however you do it, remember to be flexible, do what is best for your child and family, and have fun!  

Tips for Passing Out Candy at Home

Although awareness around autism spectrum disorder is growing, there may still be some households who do not have experience with children on the autism spectrum. As an ABA Therapy provider, we encourage families to promote understanding and kindness in their communities. Here are some tips for supporting children with autism while passing out candy:

• For Nonverbal Children: Some children may not say trick-or-treat, please, or thank you: They may be nonverbal or have delayed speech.
• For Children Taking Multiple Pieces: This behavior might be linked to fine motor skills challenges.
• For Kids with Allergies: Some children may look disappointed due to food allergies. Always have non-food treats available.
• For Sensory Sensitivities: Be mindful of flashing lights or loud noises, as some children may be prone to seizures or sensory overload.
• For Non-Costumed Trick-or-Treaters: A lack of costume may indicate sensory processing issues.
• For Older-Looking Children: Some may be developmentally delayed, so patience and kindness are essential.

Please be patient, accepting, and kind. Make non-food items and candy alternatives for trick-or-treating available for children with allergies. 

Tips for Making Halloween Allergy/Food Sensitivity Friendly

Many children face food allergies or oral motor challenges, making traditional candy an unsuitable option. The Teal Pumpkin Project, initiated by the Food Allergy & Research Education organization, aims to create an inclusive Halloween experience. Displaying a teal pumpkin or sign indicates that you offer non-food treats, making trick-or-treating accessible for all children.

Learn More: Discover the Teal Pumpkin Project at Food Allergy Research & Education.

Non-Food Treat Ideas:

• Glow bracelets
• Fidget items
• Stickers
• Mini notebooks
• Action figures or princess figurines

By incorporating these tips and resources, you can create a Halloween that is enjoyable and accommodating for your child on the autism spectrum, fostering inclusivity and understanding within your community. Happy Halloween!

When it comes to your child’s education and development, therapeutic preschool programs and ABA therapy are both valuable approaches. Read on to discover the key elements of both programs, how to adapt your child’s schedule to suit their needs and the benefits of combining various approaches.

Developmental Preschool vs. ABA Therapy

Whether it involves making cherished artworks or new friends, preschool is an exciting (and sometimes scary) time for children and parents alike. When your autistic child reaches preschool age, you’ll need to consider the different available schools for kids with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Certain developmental goals for preschoolers need to be factored in and ABA therapy, occupational therapy and speech therapy all play a vital role in helping your child develop the necessary skills to be able to reach their full potential.

In this blog, we explore the main differences between school-based and center-based learning and development programs in order to help you decide on the best course of action for your child. 

ABA treatment programs

Applied Behaviour Analysis (ABA) is an evidence-based therapy that has proven to be an effective and reliable method for developing and improving social, language and communication, learning, and daily-living skills in autistic children. It consists of two major treatment methods: discrete trial training (DTT) and natural environment training (NET). DTT teaches target behaviors through simplified and structured steps (similar to a typical classroom setting), while NET focuses on learning through play and social interactions. 

As part of an ABA treatment program, a therapist will evaluate your child’s skills, abilities, and challenges. They will then tailor an individualized program designed to maximize overall development and skill acquisition, while at the same time decreasing problematic forms of behavior that impede learning. Another component of this intensive therapy is parent training, which has been found invaluable by parents who want to learn how to better engage, teach and support their child. 

While this is undoubtedly one of the most effective special education options for children with autism, working 1:1 with a therapist may not provide educational opportunities associated with a classroom setting. 

Preschool programs for children with disabilities (PPCD)

PPCD are typically offered in the classroom of a public school under the supervision of a special education teacher and two educational associates. Classes usually consist of at most 12 children who have a variety of special needs, ranging from moderate to severe. During classes, children work on appropriate activities designed to develop and improve language, social, cognitive and self-help skills. 

This type of setting is highly conducive for socio-emotional development and affords children an opportunity to learn how to socialize with peers. When considering this approach it is important to keep two things in mind. First, that the setting must enable the child to catch up developmentally and second, that there will be limitations to the level of expertise of staff members compared to specially-trained therapists. Additionally, school-based programs alone do not allow for the frequency or intensity of training and supervision essential for quality programming, which may make the addition of more intensive forms of therapy necessary in order to achieve appropriate preschool developmental milestones.

Combining ABA and preschool

It should be clear, then, that both ABA therapy and PPCD can play a vital role in the development of autistic children. Which learning environment is best for your child will depend on their skill levels, needs and a number of other factors. In many cases, a combination of the two approaches can be successful. This may mean focusing on ABA treatment first, for one or two years before transitioning into preschool or even incorporating ABA into your preschool schedule by choosing a part-time preschool schedule followed by part-time ABA sessions.

The Lighthouse Fusion^® approach

Fortunately, ABA therapy can be tailored to fit a wide range of autistic children’s needs, making it easy to work into a therapeutic preschool program. To make things even easier, Lighthouse Fusion ABA therapy introduces an innovative approach that combines ABA and speech therapy into one enhanced therapy solution. Our team of Board Certified Behavior Analysts and Speech-Language Pathologists work collaboratively with your child’s BCBA and RBT to incorporate speech therapy directly into daily ABA programs. So, rather than receiving 30 minutes of speech training a week, your child will benefit from daily opportunities for speech development, ultimately leading to better outcomes for your child. 

Discover more helpful autism resources from Lighthouse Autism Center.

What are Lighthouse Learning Programs?

At Lighthouse Autism Center, we offer center-based ABA therapy in a natural, play-based environment. Following an assessment, a program is developed specifically to target each child’s unique needs. With our Early Learner Program and Junior Learner Program, we incorporate many of the academic skills a child would be taught in a typical school setting, such as reading, math, group classes, peer play and more.

Early Learner Program

Generally, this program supports learners between 18 months and 6 years of age and focuses on learning through play. The skills learners acquire through this program will provide the building blocks required for them to generalize what they have learned across different subjects and environments. In the Early Learner Program, children focus on:

• Fine and gross motor skills
• Letters, numbers, and colors
• 2D shapes
• Name and age
• Listening skills and following directions
• Children develop new words through song, music, and reading
• Days of the week, months of the year, the weather, seasons, and more
• Children participate in group classes like art, music, and gym

Junior Learner Program

Typically, this program includes learners 7 years and older and follows a similar structure to what a learner would see in a school setting. As the learner progresses through the program, they spend less time learning while playing, and more time learning from an educator while sitting at a desk or in a group setting, similar to what the learner would experience at school. In the Junior Learner Program, children focus on:

• Reading development and comprehension at the appropriate level for the child
• Basic math skills at an appropriate level for the child (addition, subtraction)
• Life skills like folding laundry, hanging clothes, sweeping and vacuuming, etc.
• Social skills including peer-to-peer interactions in a group setting

School Readiness at Lighthouse

• Interacting in a Classroom
• Playing with Peers
• Listening and Following Directions
• Participating in Group Classes
• Fine and Gross Motor Skills
• Eating in a Cafeteria-Style Lunch Room