A Guide for Parents of Children with Autism in Iowa

In Iowa, under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), children with autism are entitled to a Free Appropriate Public Education (FAPE) tailored to their needs. Key rights include receiving education in the Least Restrictive Environment (LRE) and having active parental involvement in the development of their Individualized Education Program (IEP).

Your Child’s Rights Under the IDEA

The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) is a federal law that requires public education agencies to provide eligible children with disabilities with a free appropriate education (FAPE).

Key Points:

• FAPE: . Your child has the right to a FAPE. This means special education and related services provided at public expense, under public supervision and direction, and without charge, that meet state education standards and are provided in accordance with an individualized education program (IEP).
• Least Restrictive Environment (LRE): this means that each public school district must, to the maximum extent appropriate, educate children with IEPs in the general education environment, unless the nature or severity of a child’s disability is such that education in regular classes with the use of supplementary aids and services cannot be achieved satisfactorily.
• Parental Rights: Parents have legal rights to receive notice and participate in decisions regarding the child’s education. They also have rights they may exercise to enforce their child’s right to receive a FAPE.

A Brief Overview of the Special Education Eligibility Process

Elopement is something often spoken about in the autism community. We look at what it is, how to prevent it, and what to do if your child tends to run out in the community or at home.

Elopement – What Is It?

We often hear the term elopement when talking about autistic children. Find out what it is, why autistic children elope, how to prevent it, and what to do should your child elope.  

What is elopement in autism?

Running away is a fairly well-known behavior in neurotypical children. It is often romanticized by a cute image of the little boy with his stick and wrapped lunch draped over his shoulder, moping along the railway tracks in an act of benign defiance.   

Unfortunately, the reality is much grimmer. Every year, we are confronted with stories of children escaping the relative safety of their homes and schools, and their pictures end up on the proverbial milk carton or worse.   

This scary and dangerous behavior is known as wandering and elopement. Though elopement isn’t uncommon for children in general, it is seen more often in autistic people and is often more of a safety concern.   

According to the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) and the National Autism Association (NAA), the statistics on how many autistic individuals display elopement behavior are alarming:  

• 49% of autistic children elope  

• 35% attempt elopement at least once a week  

• 33% of autistic elopers cannot communicate basic information like name, address, or phone number  

• 90% of elopement deaths are drowning-related  

• 42% of autistic elopements aged nine or younger end in death  

These numbers are enough to drive any parent of children with Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD) to despair, and the link between autism and elopement is alarming. That said, you are not completely without options to reduce your child’s risk of becoming one of these statistics.   

To mitigate the risk of losing your child or avoiding any harm, you must know the best elopement strategies for autism. You need to be clear on what eloping is, why ASD kids elope, watch for signs of elopement, take steps to prevent it, and, perhaps most importantly, know what to do if it does eventually happen.   

Why do autistic children elope?

The underlying reasons for both autistic and allistic (non-autistic) children to elope are fairly similar. Usually, a child is either trying to escape something they do not like or want or pursuing something desirable.   

According to a review of the assessment and treatment of elopement, Dr. Megan Boyle and Dr. Reesha Adamson of Missouri State University broke these two primary causes into four distinct reasons:  

1. To get away from a place, activity, or person (escape)  

2. To obtain access to an item, activity, or person  

3. To engage in an intrinsically pleasurable activity, such as running  

4. To gain attention  

While these may seem fairly universal to all children, some children with ASD, depending on age and developmental level, may lack the mental acuity, awareness, and intuition to avoid danger and discern a threatening situation from a safe one.   

This becomes even more dangerous when autistic children are non-verbal or non-responsive to unfamiliar stimuli, making it difficult for them to communicate with concerned passers-by or even potential predators.   

Prevention is better than cure

It is never guaranteed that you can prevent your child from eloping. However, there are a number of strategies that you can implement to reduce the risk of elopement in autistic individuals with low support needs or excellent social skills. Having an elopement prevention plan is key. 

Be vigilant

In most cases, caregivers or parents miss nuanced tell-tale signs that a child is about to elope. Keep an eye out for the following, especially if there is a history of elopement:  

• Persistent glances at the door or exit.  

• Signs of sensory overload or overstimulation.  

• Fixation on objects, activities, or people outside or away from the safe environment.  

• Plays for attention.  

Communicate

There is a high risk of elopement in the autism community, and if you are aware that your child is an elopement risk, it is crucial to inform all caregivers and provide them with a list of elopement signs and signals to watch out for. In some cases, a child with ASD may display consistently calm and complacent pliant behavior, leaving caregivers with a false sense of security. Let them know that regardless of your child’s compliance, there is a high risk of elopement. You might also consider a list of the places or things they tend to elope to, just in case. 

Functional Communication Training 

Functional Communication Training (FCT) is a process in which autistic children are given alternatives to problematic behavior like elopement to get what they need.  For instance, if they previously eloped to get attention, use FCT or communication tools to ensure they receive the right kind of attention in similar situations from their preferred person, possibly using visual aids as needed.   

In the case of escape, do not reprimand or punish the child for eloping; rather, assess what about the situation triggered the elopement and change the situation accordingly. Where the child simply enjoys a particular item or activity and elopes to engage with it (like running or trying to access a particular toy), consider introducing scheduled events so the child can anticipate it without indulging the impulse to elope to fulfill the desire.   

How to prepare for elopement

As mentioned earlier, elopement can be almost completely unavoidable despite your best efforts to prevent it. Thankfully, the CDC has created a list of tips to help you prevent elopement and aid in a prompt recovery should your child elope:    

• Never leave your child unsupervised.   

• Install specialized locks and alarms on doors.  

• Attach GPS tracking devices that trigger an alert if your child wanders from a specific location and track their whereabouts.  

• Inform neighbors, caregivers, family, etc., of your child’s propensity to elope.  

• Sew all basic information into your child’s clothing, such as their name, address, and phone number.  

• Increase vigilance when your child is exposed to a change in environment.  

• Help your child familiarize themselves with your environment so they know of safe places and trustworthy adults in the area in case they get lost.  

• Set up an emergency response plan.  

• Walk your child through their portion of the emergency plan so that they know what steps to take in case they are separated from you for any reason.  

• Teach your child safety commands such as “stop.”  

• Teach your child to swim.  

• Teach your child how to cross a street.  

• Meet with any healthcare providers who understand your child’s unique situation and ask for their expert advice.  

• Keep a current photo of your child at all times.  

• Immediately call first responders. 

Let Lighthouse Autism Center help you and your child

As the Midwest’s leading autism therapy institution, Lighthouse Autism Center provides world-leading autism resources alongside our groundbreaking  Lighthouse Fusion ABA Therapy program, which fuses the best of ABA and speech therapy into a unique clinical model to help you and your child navigate the world.  

Our in-depth infographic explains the importance of early detection and diagnosis in autistic children. We also identify some of the early signs to look out for.

INFOGRAPHIC: Why is Early Detection and Diagnosis So Important? 

What is Autism?

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a developmental disability that can cause significant social, communication, and behavioral challenges. About 1 in 36 children has been identified with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), according to estimates from CDC’s Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring (ADDM) Network. People with ASD have abilities that vary significantly. Autism affects each person differently, making it truly a spectrum disorder. People with autism may behave, communicate, interact, and learn in ways that are different from most other people. Some people with ASD need a lot of assistance, whereas others live very independently with little to no support.  

Autistic individuals typically do not have any identifiable defining physical features that set them apart from other people, and the characteristics of autism often become more obvious when judging against behavioral milestones. Some children show symptoms of autism within the first 12 months. In others, symptoms may not show up until 24 months of age or later. Some autistic children gain new skills and meet developmental milestones until around 18 to 24 months of age, and then they stop gaining new skills or lose the skills they once had. 

Signs and Symptoms

People on the autism spectrum often struggle with social interactions and communication, as well as repetitive and restrictive behaviors. It’s important to recognize the signs of early autism to get a diagnosis as soon as possible. 

Some of the most common early signs of autism in babies typically include:  

• No social smiles or other joyful expressions for caretakers or parents, 

• Limited or no eye contact, 

• No sharing of vocal sounds, smiles, or other nonverbal communication, 

• No babbling, and 

• No response to being called by their name.  

The early signs of autism in toddlers typically include: 

• No use of gestures to communicate, such as pointing, reaching, or waving, 

• No words or verbal communication, 

• Loss of any previously acquired speech, verbal communication, or social skills, and 

• Loss or pause of obvious physical development milestones like eye contact and smiling. 

Learn more about the early signs and symptoms of Autism Spectrum Disorder. 

Learn more about important milestones that your child should reach. 

Evaluating your Child

Are you seeing the signs of autism in your child but don’t have an evaluation yet? Early detection and diagnosis are crucial to improved outcomes and increased success and independence in the long run. View our list of early signs and symptoms of autism in babies, toddlers, and young children. Then, connect with Lighthouse’s network of professionals who have the expertise to fully evaluate your child with a comprehensive autism evaluation. 

Find Out more 

Early intervention is vital to the success of autism therapy. We examine why early intervention is so important and how it helps autistic children. 

Early Autism Intervention: Why is Early Intervention Important?

It’s vital to be able to assist a child with autism as early as possible. We take a look at the benefits of early intervention, the signs of autism, and how we can help evaluate your child. 

Infographic: Early Intervention and Autism Treatment

Recognizing the signs and symptoms of autism in early childhood can help improve a child’s chances of success in the future. Here’s a quick look at why early intervention is so important and the positive results of identifying the early autism signs in children: 

What are the early signs of autism?

As a parent, you may be wondering what are some of the autism signs and symptoms you should watch out for. Key developmental milestones can help you identify whether your child has autism or not. You can also keep an eye out for certain early signs of autism, such as social, behavioral, or emotional practices, which may indicate that your child is autistic. 

How early should you try to assist a child diagnosed as autistic?

Depending on the child, early intervention programs can begin as early as 18 months of age. 

What is early intervention in autism and how can it help?

Early intervention for autism means providing treatment and therapeutic services to autistic children starting from 18 months or as soon as an older child is diagnosed. There are many advantages to early intervention. Some of the specific benefits an autistic child can attain include improvements in: 

• IQ, reflected in performance on IQ tests 

• Language abilities, including listening and understanding 

• Coping skills, including emotional regulation 

• Physical development, such as enhanced balance and coordination 

• Social interactions, both with a child’s peers and parents 

• Nonverbal autism, where there’s a lack of or limited use of verbal communication 

Evaluating your Child

Are you seeing the signs of autism in your child but don’t have an evaluation yet? Early intervention is crucial to improved outcomes and increased success and independence in the long run. You can view our list of early signs and symptoms of autism in babies, toddlers, and young children. Then, you can connect with Lighthouse’s network of professionals who understand how to identify autistic children and who can let you know more about how early autism can be diagnosed. 

We take a look at some of the best fall activities in Michiana, for autistic children that the whole family can enjoy. 

Autism-Friendly Fall Activities in Michiana

Best Fall Activities to Do in Michiana with an Autistic Child 

It is finally starting to feel like fall, and we couldn’t be more excited. We love the colors of the changing leaves, the crisp air, ciders and donuts and, of course, the pumpkin patches and apple orchards. From u-pick pumpkin patches to hayrides, corn mazes, and the best apple cider, we have compiled a list of the best fun fall activities to do in Michiana with your autistic child. 

Choosing Autism-Friendly Activities

The Michiana area is known for it’s beautiful  fall colors and scenery, and the subsequent activities for families, but there are extra considerations for families with an autistic child. When choosing fun fall activities, be sure to consider the sensory load of your child, how well they handle crowds, and whether they want as little stimulation as possible or if they thrive amongst it. Prepare your child for the experience in advance and choose places you can easily leave if your child decides they are uncomfortable there. 

Fall Activities for Kids in Michiana

• These are some of the fall activities suggested in or around Downtown South Bend:  
• Thistleberry Farm – This fall activity in South Bend, IN offers a pumpkin patch, bounce houses, a corn maze, and a petting zoo. Children of all ages and skill sets can find something fun to do at Thistleberry Farms. 
• Knollbrook Farms – Located in Goshen, IN, Knollbrook Farms has a corn maze, giant slide, petting zoo, train rides, pumpkin slingshot, and more! This is a real working dairy farm that you can tour as well. 
• Kercher’s Sunrise Orchard—Also located in Goshen, Kercher’s offers activities for apple and pumpkin pickers. Visit the farm for apple and pumpkin picking, hayrides, a corn maze, and more. The farm is open for various U-picks all year round. 
• Ashley’s Pumpkin Farm – Located on the north side of South Bend near the Michigan line, this small pumpkin patch offers affordable pumpkins, a corn maze, and a petting zoo. 
• A-Mazing Acres – Located in Southern Michigan with 90+ A-Mazing acres, you’ll find a corn maze, pumpkin patch, and close to 100 attractions. The farm opens each year in the Fall for a traditional harvest season… and more. It’s a real working farm located just 8 miles east of Edwardsburg in Cass County. Family entertainment at its best. 
• Lehman’s Apple Orchard – Located in Niles, Michigan, this u-pick orchard has offered apple picking for nearly a hundred years! In the Fall, they offer apple, pear, and blackberry picking. 
• Potawatomi Zoo – Each year, the Potawatomi Zoo hosts Zoo Boo, a three-day event where children can see their favorite animals and trick or treat around the zoo. For this year’s dates, visit their website. 
• Fall Foliage Tour – One of the best things about fall has to be the change of colors. Bright oranges and reds dot the landscape as trees prepare to shed their leaves before winter. And there are plenty of places to snap photos. Notre Dame’s campus, Potato Creek State Park, St. Patrick’s Park, and Spicer Lake Nature Preserve are favorites in our Guide to Fall Foliage. 
• Find a Fall Hike – Name a more satisfying sound than the crunch of leaves under your hiking boots. We’ll wait. In the meantime, there are plenty of great hiking options from which to choose around here. Potato Creek State Park is an outdoor playground. St. Patrick’s County Park and Bendix Woods are among the most popular.  
• South Bend Farmers Market – Fall isn’t called harvest time for nothing. Stroll the aisles at the South Bend Farmers Market and see for yourself. Local farmers bring all sorts of produce, specific to the season, to the market — fresh apples, sweet corn, pumpkins, gourds, and more. Don’t forget the handmade crafts, delicious sweets, and local coffee. Odds are you’ll smell it before you see it. 
• Spooky Season Scares – Halloween isn’t complete without a scare or two. Fear Itself at Legend Park in Mishawaka is one of the largest scream parks in the country. With five terrifying attractions, you will jump right out of your shoes. Many locals consider the Niles Scream Park a must-visit for some frightful entertainment. It’s spread across 44 acres with multiple attractions, including a “Hooded” experience not for the faint of heart. 

We look at some of the activities in Indianapolis, Indiana that might be suitable for children, depending on their sensitivities.  

Fun Activities for Children in Indianapolis, Indiana

Finding child-friendly activities can sometimes be a struggle, especially for a child on the autism spectrum. Below is a list of activities for children in Indianapolis, Indiana, that you and your child can enjoy. 

Please use your discretion as to which activities you believe your autistic child can tolerate. Every child on the autism spectrum is truly different, and some of the activities below may be too overstimulating, while other activities may help if your child is sensory seeking. Work within the context of your child’s skills and interests when determining a fun and safe activity. 

New activities, especially in public, can provide a variety of benefits. Although many challenges may come with going out and trying new activities, these situations can be great opportunities to work on skills and social interactions. These activities can provide opportunities for autistic children to practice social and communication skills, fine and gross motor skills, motivation, confidence, independence, learning new skills, as well as more general skills that can be applied to other settings, such as school. While working on new skills is important, doing activities that bring enjoyment is also important.  

Kid-Friendly Things to Do in Indianapolis

Conner Prairie

The second Sunday of every month from 10 am-12 pm is a sensory-friendly time at Conner Prairie, specifically for families and individuals with sensory differences. Enjoy a calm environment at Conner Prairie and explore at your own pace. Anything that makes loud noises or has bright lights (e.g., the Dry Goods Store in CWJ) will be shut off unless specifically asked to be turned on. Access to the quiet space areas in the buildings and across the grounds will be highlighted for easy access. 

The Children’s Museum of Indianapolis

The Children’s Museum of Indianapolis is the world’s largest children’s museum. It is located at 3000 North Meridian Street, Indianapolis, Indiana, in the United Northwest Area neighborhood. It’s the perfect place for practicing talking to friends and responding to social cues.  

Indianapolis Zoo

The Indianapolis Zoo is a 64-acre non-profit zoo, public aquarium, and botanical garden in Indianapolis, Indiana. Incorporated in 1944, the Indianapolis Zoological Society established the first zoo at George Washington Park in 1964. 

Smiley Indoor Playground and Arcades

An indoor playground in Indianapolis designed for children 10 and under. The arcade area is for all ages. Smiley offers an indoor playground, arcades, and a large selection of food and nonalcoholic beverages. It’s also the top birthday party venue in the state. 

Greatimes Family Fun Park

Greatimes is a five-acre complex in Indianapolis with several outdoor attractions and a 22,000 sq. ft. indoor facility that includes a multi-level arcade room, several party rooms, and an indoor playland. They have activities for your whole family or group and are the #1 place in Indianapolis for birthday parties. They offer a variety of party packages and themes that allow you to customize your party to your wants and needs. 

Rhythm! Discovery Center

Rhythm! Discovery Center is the world’s only interactive drum and percussion museum. Founded in 2009, it is a creative vision of the Percussive Arts Society, the largest member-based international percussion organization in the world. Rhythm! features unique, interactive exhibits highlighting a rich collection of historic artifacts and hands-on percussion instruments and serves as the definitive place where the history of percussion is preserved, celebrated, and shared. 

The Children’s Maze

Large limestone blocks in a series of concentric circles create an interesting and green space in White River State Park that’s perfect for a picnic or a unique location for a photoshoot. White River State Park, located in downtown Indianapolis, boasts world-class attractions and destinations that offer distinctive experiences for every visitor. Green spaces, trails, trees, and waterways co-mingle alongside cultural, educational, and recreational attractions across 250 beautiful acres. 

Zip City Indy

Zip City Indianapolis has a ton of attractions for a day filled with family fun. From their indoor zip line park to their indoor trampoline park with trampoline dodgeball, it’s a place where you can be active and social while challenging yourself and others. You’ll find a ropes course, climbing walls, and laser tag in their over 70,000-square-foot facility, offering a mix of fun and challenging attractions guaranteed to get you moving all year round. These are fun, active games for autistic children who can manage a higher sensory load. 

Indianapolis Motor Speedway Museum

If your child is interested in cars, the Indianapolis Motor Speedway Museum will be a hit. It was built in 1956 on the grounds of the Indianapolis Motor Speedway in Speedway, Indiana, to celebrate and preserve the automotive history of the Motor Speedway and the Indianapolis 500. Over 300 vehicles and over 55,000 related artifacts are on display, making the museum one of the best collections in the world. 

K1 Speed

K1 Speed is a chain of indoor racing centers with electric go-karting for all skill levels. This Indianapolis track features one of the longest straights that opens to superb overtaking opportunities, with plenty of twists and turns to challenge the most seasoned go-karting driver. Their two meeting rooms provide a perfect environment for parties, while the arcade games and air hockey table keep you entertained between racing sessions. The Paddock Lounge restaurant serves delicious food and beverages for all ages to keep you fueled. 

Indiana State Museum

The Indiana State Museum is located in downtown Indianapolis, Indiana. It houses exhibits on the science, art, culture, and history of Indiana from prehistoric times to the present day. Mastodons and a Foucault pendulum are on display, and the frequent rotation of artifacts and ever-changing special exhibits means returning guests will have new experiences at each visit.  

Adrenaline Family Adventure Park

Adrenaline is a 50,000 sq. ft. indoor adventure park in the Fisher area with a wide selection of activities suitable for the whole family. Toddlers will enjoy the soft play area; the arcade offers over 40 of the latest games, and the trampolines and basketball courts will get the blood pumping. There are zip lines, rope courses, climbing walls, and ninja warriors courses to conquer. You’ll leave tired but happy. 

Sky Zone Trampoline Park

Sky Zone Indianapolis is Indiana’s most extreme trampoline park. Explore the wall tramp, high-end air track, ninja course, stunt fall, trapeze, and aerial skills equipment. You can buy day passes, but if you’d like to return regularly, a monthly membership allows you daily access for almost the same price as a day pass. With so much to do and so much fun to be had by all family members, Sky Zone is the perfect outing. 

Holiday Park

One of Indianapolis’ oldest parks, Holliday Park, is located just six miles north of downtown and encompasses 94 acres of beautiful green space. Visitors can explore the nature center, play on one of the city’s best playgrounds, hike more than 3.5 miles of picturesque trails, or stroll around the one-of-a-kind Holliday Park Ruins. 

Holliday Park provides a getaway for nature lovers without having to leave the city. The wooded ravines contain natural springs and wetlands, a pond, a long stretch of the White River, a beech-maple forest, and over 400 species of trees, shrubs, and wildflowers. Bird watchers have spotted more than 200 species while hiking the trails that wind through the forest. In addition, deer, foxes, beaver, rabbits, squirrels, and many other native animals reside in or pass through the park grounds. 

Climb Time Indy

Over 8,500 sq. ft. of climbing space, plus kids’ programs, private lessons, a pro shop, and more. Since 1997, Climb Time Indy has been dedicated to providing the best that rock climbing has to offer. It is a safe environment where climbers of all ability levels and ages can get better, learn more, and above all else, have fun climbing. Climb Time offers a wide range of difficulty levels, from very easy to moderate to extremely difficult, brought to you by some of the best route setters this side of the Mississippi. Routes are changed weekly to ensure there is always a new challenge. Whether you are looking for powerful bouldering, sustained routes, or just a day out with the family, Climb Time Indy has what you are looking for. 

The Park at Traders Point Northwest

As an extension of Traders Point Christian Church, The Park is designed to serve parents and caregivers while their kids play on indoor playground equipment. There is even a designated area for young kids to play and a sensory room to enjoy. The Park is an inclusive, safe, and engaging environment for all. It is structured for open play, so parents can enjoy the tables to get a little work done, read, or converse with others while the kids enjoy some play time. As an affiliate of Traders Point, The Park is available free of charge. When planning your visit, please bring your government-issued ID and socks for the kids. 

Kid’s Planet

Kid’s Planet is a quality family recreation center with a multi-level playground filled with jungle gyms, ball pits, arcade games, trampolines, slides, and tunnels. There is also a dedicated area for toddlers where they can play safely. If the older kids want to venture past the first floor, parents and caregivers can watch from designated adult zones—they are not allowed in the play area. Staff members readily assist children who lose their way or need a boost.  

Westermeier Commons Playground & Splashpad

The playground at Westermeier Commons has a futuristic design and offers children more than 25,000 sq. ft. of inclusive play space. Children using wheelchairs have access to lower-level amenities as well as upper-level features with the use of ramps. The playground also offers three cave-like areas to provide respite for children who need quieter spaces during play. Adjacent to the playground is a splash pad (open Memorial Day-September 30), which was designed to match the nature that surrounds it. 

The Waterpark

This amusement area offers heated pools with slides, simulated surfing, play areas, cabanas, and snacks. Surf the waves on the FlowRider®️, scale the wall of the AquaClimb®️, grab a treat from the snack bar, and enjoy your own private cabana in style. With features for every age and ability—from a kiddie pool to the lazy river to adventure slides—everything you need for a 5-star family-friendly day is right here! 

Cool Creek Park Nature Center

Park-based natural science center offers seasonal exhibits on habitat preservation and local wildlife. Cool Creek Park is one of Hamilton County’s most popular parks, with various features and activities. All family members are sure to enjoy this beautiful 90-acre park year-round. The park includes 4 miles of wooded trails, perfect for hiking, jogging, and bird watching. The scenic paved roads winding through the park are ideal for those who cycle and rollerblade. Looking for even more activities? Check out the playgrounds, soccer fields, and basketball court. For something slower-paced, spend time on the nature trails, wetlands, prairies, and benches along the trails. 

Hoosier Heights Indianapolis

Give wall climbing walls and bouldering a go at Hoosier Heights. And if any family member prefers not to climb, yoga classes, cardio equipment, and a weight room are also available.